#19 Don't Solve the Problem, Disassemble It!
The Ultimate Guide to First Principles Thinking
In my experience of working in tech nearly 5 years, everyone told me to be a problem-solver and be good at problem-solving
But I have lately realized it’s not going to help me prepare for solving bigger problems as I grow in my career.
I have always had fresh eyes on the problem and used to share my perspective but then a common answer I hear is:
“This is how it was done here”
Of course, understanding the existing product should be first on your checklist but coming up with a radical approach to dissect the problem is the main skill I am developing myself.
That’s where I started learning and following First Principles
What is First Principles Thinking?
The key is to start with the most basic, undeniable truths and then logically reason upwards, rather than making assumptions or following established patterns.
This rigorous, open-minded approach can lead to breakthroughs on even the most complex problems.
For example, Elon Musk deconstructed electric vehicle design to its fundamental components like battery technology, electric propulsion, user interfaces — all this happened even after everyone said Tesla is not possible and Elon Musk is crazy.
Similarly, Netflix bypassed the need for cable or physical media, and leveraged streaming technology to deliver entertainment in a new way, reshaping the industry.
There are great examples available to read online and some of them might also be happening around you, the trick is to slow down and observe more.
Why Disassemble the Problem?
Every story will have a hero and we all want to be that one in our life and career
We see the character of a Hero and their credibility in saving someone or solving a big problem etc.,
But the true nature of a Hero is spending more time on the problem.
They analyze the problem carefully before jumping or planning on a solution, they consider different ways of failing that solution and n number of possibilities that it could go wrong.
And most important is, are you solving the right problem with this solution?
Dissect the problem
Disassemble it
Make it small chunks
Get to the core
This is all part of your research, discovery and sticking to basics.
3 Habits to Apply First Principles Thinking in Problem-Solving
1️⃣ Identify and challenge your assumptions
Examine the "facts" and assumptions you are relying on to define the problem. Ask yourself "Why do I think this is true?" and "How do I know this is accurate?"
Question the conventional wisdom or "the way things have always been done". Avoid reasoning by analogy and always try to look at the problem with fresh eyes. (it’s not easy to get into that fresh perspective whenever you want, so try to practice it to make it as a habit and have regular checks)
2️⃣ Break down the problem into its fundamental elements
Deconstruct the complex problem into its most basic, elemental components and principles. Get to the core of what you are trying to solve.
Consider the problem from different angles and perspectives, especially those outside your own domain.
Bring in diverse viewpoints.
3️⃣ Rebuild the solution from the ground up
Just using only the foundational facts and principles you've identified, start reconstructing a solution from the most basic building blocks.
It’s easy to get attached to solution you got first in your mind but remember, that may or may not be the good one, you goal is to truly understand the solution fit to the problem. (sometimes you need to let go of some great solutions)
consider potential risks and challenges, before implementing it and it gets best when you have to fight for implementing an unconventional solution
Conclusion
start small
try 5 ‘Why’s (keep asking yourself again and again Why)
run your thoughts with a diverse group (different from your team)
be open to straight feedback
start again
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